The International Affective Picture System includes over 1000 color photographs depicting a myriad set of events in the human experience – dressed and undressed people, houses, art objects, household objects, housing projects, erotic couples, funerals, pollution, dirty toilets, cityscapes, seascapes, sports events, wars, disasters, medical treatments, sick patients, mutilated bodies, baby animals, threatening animals, insects, loving families, waterfalls, children playing. All of the pictures in the IAPS are viewed by large standardization groups of participants and rated for evoked feelings of pleasure, arousal, and dominance. The pictures are catalogued by the group mean and standard deviation for each rating, as well as separately for men and women. Using these ratings, scientists can select and/or match pictures on the basis of the average reported emotional impact of that picture and are able to control for emotional arousal when investigating effects of hedonic valence, and vice-versa. The Self-Assessment Manikin (SAM; Lang 1980; Cook et al. 1987), a language-free, culture-free measurement tool, is used to rate the pleasure and arousal of IAPS stimuli. The stimuli from IAPS are distributed freely to academic researchers upon request (https://csea.phhp.ufl.edu/Media.html).
IAPS should be cited as follows:
• Lang, P. J., Bradley, M. M., & Cuthbert, B. N. (2008). International Affective Picture System (IAPS): Instruction manual and affective ratings, Technical Report A-8. Gainesville: The Center for Research in Psychophysiology, University of Florida.
References for the Spanish standardization of the IAPS:
• Moltó, J., Segarra, P., López, R., Esteller, A., Fonfría, A., Pastor, M. Carmen, & Poy, R. (2013). Adaptación española del "International Affective Picture System" (IAPS): tercera parte. Anales de Psicología, 29, 965-984.
• Moltó, J., Montañés, S., Poy, R., Segarra, P., Pastor, M. C., Tormo, M. P., Ramírez, I., Hernández, M. A., Sánchez, M., Fernández, M. C. y Vila, J. (1999). Un nuevo método para el estudio experimental de las emociones: el "International Affective Picture System" (IAPS). Adaptación española. Revista de Psicología General y Aplicada, 52, 55-87.
• Vila, J., Sánchez, M., Ramírez, I., Fernández, M. C., Cobos, P., Rodríguez, S., Muñoz, M. A., Tormo, M. P., Herrero, M., Segarra, P., Pastor, M. C., Montañés, S., Poy, R. y Moltó, J. (2001). El Sistema Internacional de Imágenes Afectivas (IAPS): Adaptación española. Segunda parte. Revista de Psicología General y Aplicada, 54, 635-657.
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